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白细胞介素 4 (IL 4 )作为一种多功能的细胞因子在免疫反应中起重要作用。由于IL 4能够调控IgE的合成 ,因此 ,在哮喘等变应性炎症反应中具有关键作用。IL 4通过结合细胞表面的白介素 4受体 (IL 4R)发挥生物学效应。近年来在小鼠和人体内相继发现了天然存在的IL 4Rα链胞外结构域的可溶性白介素 4受体 (sIL 4R) ,sIL 4R具有与膜结合受体同样的IL 4亲和力。由于sIL 4R缺少胞内结构部分 ,在结合IL 4后不能产生信号传递来介导IL 4的生物学活性 ,因此 ,可以作为IL 4的抑制剂用于哮喘等疾病的治疗。本文对sIL 4R的结构、产生途径及在疾病治疗中的应用等方面进行综述。
Interleukin 4 (IL 4), as a multifunctional cytokine, plays an important role in the immune response. Since IL4 can regulate IgE synthesis, it plays a key role in allergic inflammation such as asthma. IL4 exerts a biological effect by binding to the cell surface interleukin 4 receptor (IL4R). In recent years, soluble interleukin 4 receptor (sIL 4R), a naturally occurring IL 4R α chain extracellular domain, has been found in mice and humans in succession and sIL 4R has the same IL 4 affinity as membrane bound receptor. Since sIL 4R lacks the intracellular structure, IL-4 can not generate the signal transduction to mediate the biological activity of IL-4. Therefore, it can be used as an inhibitor of IL-4 in the treatment of asthma and other diseases. This article reviews the structure of sIL 4R, the pathways and applications in the treatment of diseases.