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海冰通过其对地面反照率的作用以及对大气和海洋之间热交换的局地障碍和对世界海洋环流的作用在全球热平衡和气候变化中起着重要的作用。南极海冰又因其极为显著的时空变化引起越来越多的关注。海冰的观测是海冰研究的重要内容 ,本文综述了南极海冰观测的发展过程 ,着重介绍了卫星在探测南极海冰方面的重要进展 .
Sea ice plays an important role in global heat balance and climate change through its contribution to the albedo on the ground and the local obstacles to heat exchange between the atmosphere and the oceans and its role in the global ocean circulation. Antarctic sea ice is attracting more and more attention due to its remarkable temporal and spatial variation. The observation of sea ice is an important part of sea ice research. This article reviews the development of the Antarctic sea ice observation and highlights important advances made by satellites in the detection of Antarctic sea ice.