脑血管病是危害人类生命健康的最为严重的三大病种(脑血管病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤)之一。随着人均寿命的延长,做为死亡率和致残率最高的脑血管病的危害性日益突出。在医学模式不断转变的今天,人们认识到预防医学在降低脑血管病的发病率和患病率方面起着越来越明显的作用。神经疾病流行病学调查是研究神经系统疾病在人群中的发生发展和分布特征以及影响这些特征的因素,从而探索病因,给予相应的防治措施和评价防治效果,并为政府部门制定卫生施政方针和政策提供可靠的依据。除地理分布特征之外,对脑血管病的危险因素的分析中明显看出年龄的增长,高血压病、心脏病、动脉硬化症和糖尿病以及脑血管病的家族遗传史都是发生脑血管病的危险因素,对于长期精神紧张、睡眠不足、饮酒、吸烟、喝茶、多肉 Cerebrovascular disease is one of the three most serious diseases (cerebrovascular disease, heart disease and malignant tumor) that endanger the health of human beings. With the extension of average life expectancy, as the mortality and disability rate of cerebrovascular disease is the most prominent harm. As the medical model continues to evolve, it is recognized that preventive medicine plays an increasingly significant role in reducing the incidence and prevalence of cerebrovascular disease. Epidemiological investigation of neurological diseases is to study the occurrence, development and distribution of neurological diseases in the population as well as the factors that affect these characteristics so as to explore the cause, give corresponding prevention and control measures and evaluate the prevention and treatment effects, and formulate health administration guidelines for government departments and Policy provides a reliable basis. In addition to the geographically distributed characteristics, analysis of the risk factors for cerebrovascular disease clearly shows that age-related increases in the family history of hypertension, heart disease, arteriosclerosis and diabetes mellitus and cerebrovascular disease are cerebrovascular diseases Risk factors for long-term mental stress, lack of sleep, drinking, smoking, drinking tea, meat