现代机械少耕技术,是农业机械化发展到一定历史阶段的产物。英美等资本主义国家,大约用30年左右的时间,于40—50年代,基本上实现了农业机械化。在这一过程中,为了提高农作物的产量,曾不断地增加土壤耕作次数和强度,投入越来越多的钢铁、化肥和石油,形成庞大的机械作业系统,仅土壤耕作机械就有:灭茬、翻地、耙地、镇压、施肥、播种、中耕、除草等多种,致使生产费用和能量消耗显著上升,投入产出比例失调。迫于这种经济上的压力,以及因风蚀水蚀造成的水土严重流失和化学除草剂,农药的出现等一些技术上的原因,机械少耕技术于40年代初在美国首先问世了。我国的机械少耕问题,也是在实行田间作业机械化的过程中,在60年代初期提出来的。当时仅仅着眼于继承传统的轮作制和有效地保护土壤的肥力,开展一些土地轮翻的试验。70年代初,有些化学除草 Modern machinery less plowing technology is the product of agricultural mechanization to a certain historical stage. The capitalist countries such as Britain and the United States have basically realized the mechanization of agriculture in the period of about 40 to 50 in about 30 years. In this process, in order to increase the output of crops, the number and intensity of soil cultivation have been continuously increased. More and more steel, fertilizer and petroleum have been put into operation to form a huge mechanical working system. Only the soil cultivation machinery has the functions of stubble removal, Land, rake, repression, fertilization, sowing, cultivating, weeding and other species, resulting in a significant increase in production costs and energy consumption, imbalance in input-output ratio. Due to such economic pressures and the serious technical loss caused by wind and water erosion and the emergence of chemical herbicides and pesticides, mechanical tillage was first introduced in the United States in the early 1940s. The problem of less mechanized farming in our country was also put forward in the early 1960s during the mechanization of field operations. At that time, only focusing on inheriting the traditional rotation system and effectively protecting the fertility of the soil, some land rotation tests were carried out. In the early 70s, some chemical weeding