在市场经济条件下,设计和施工的终端产品实质就是商品。以设计、制造、施工为一方和以政府、民营、公私合股、中外合资为另一方构成了商品的销售方和客户两个主体。 目前对设计施工的管理属于粗放型管理。这种粗放型管理已暴露了三个主要弊端:一是我国的设计和施工不能作为一个整体以全球的战略打入国际竞争市场,有效地开展国际业务;二是多头 Under the conditions of market economy, the design and construction of end products are essentially commodities. Taking the design, manufacturing, and construction as one party and the government, private companies, public-private partnerships, and Sino-foreign joint ventures as the other party, the seller and the customer of the merchandise constitute two main bodies. At present, the management of design and construction belongs to extensive management. This extensive management has revealed three major drawbacks: First, China’s design and construction cannot be used as a global strategy to enter the international competition market and effectively conduct international business; the second is long