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作为中国早期农村社会学学者,杨开道详细地研究了乡约的产生、发展过程和主要特征。他吸取乡约制度中自下而上的发起方式和一纲三目的体系模式,提出了自己的农村组织建设方案。他设想的农村地方社会组织是全村范围内的统筹性组织,体现了西方社会学理论中的分工合作原则。杨开道的乡约研究为20世纪20~30年代的乡村建设运动提供了重要的理论支持。他与梁漱溟在乡约和乡村建设理论方面的不同认识,全面地反映出改良主义知识分子的理想和追求。
As an early rural sociologist in China, Yang Kaidao studied in detail the birthplace, development process and main characteristics of the rural covenants. He learned from the bottom-up approach and a three-goal system model of the rural contract system, put forward his own program of rural organizations. He envisaged the local social organization in rural areas as an integrated organization within the village and embodies the principle of division of labor and cooperation in western sociological theory. Yang Kaidao’s rural studies provided an important theoretical support for the rural construction movement in the 1920s and 1930s. He and Liang Shuming’s different understandings on the theory of countryside construction and rural construction theory fully reflect the ideal and pursuit of reformist intellectuals.