近15年来，江苏省粳稻高产育种取得了显著成效，审定通过新品种46个。生产上粳稻品种更换了3～4次，1995年全省粳稻产量平均达8145kg／hm2，超过了杂交籼稻。本文回顾了江苏省粳稻育种历程，提出拓宽亲本的录用范围，利用籼稻衍生品种（系）和塑造高产株形，优化产量构成因子等是粳稻育种取得显著进展的重要因素。展望今后如何培育更（超）高产粳稻品种，一要深化种质资源尤其是太湖地区粳稻资源的研究与利用，二要加强杂种优势利用的研究力度；并综合运用现代各种育种技术和理论，提高育种效率和水平。 In the past 15 years, the high yielding breeding of japonica rice in Jiangsu Province has achieved remarkable results. 46 new varieties have been approved. Production of japonica rice varieties changed 3 to 4 times in 1995 the province’s rice yield averaged 8145kg / hm2, more than the indica hybrid rice. This paper reviewed the history of japonica rice breeding in Jiangsu Province, proposed to widen the range of hiring of parents, and using indica rice varieties and lines to shape high-yielding plants and optimize the yield components are important factors for the significant progress of japonica rice breeding. Looking forward to how to cultivate more (super) high-yield japonica rice varieties in the future, it is necessary to deepen the research and utilization of germplasm resources, especially japonica rice resources in the Taihu Lake area, and to strengthen the research on utilization of heterosis. Combining modern breeding techniques and theories, Improve breeding efficiency and level.