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选用某国产动车1∶1模型,对高速列车在不同的侧风速度和风向角作用下运行进行模拟计算,得到列车所受气动力变化情况,研究气动力随风向角的变化机理。模拟结果表明,该车型在不同强度和不同风向角侧风作用下,侧向力、升力和倾覆力矩均随着侧风作用的增强而显著增大,在强侧风作用下,头车所受侧向力及倾覆力矩最大,较易发生倾覆事故;而尾车所受侧向力及倾覆力矩最小,相对安全。随风速和风向角的增大,受电弓和转向架对倾覆力矩的贡献均增大,在模拟时不可忽略;在风向角大于5°小于90°的范围内,列车各个部位的气动力与风向角呈3次方关系递增。
The 1: 1 model of a domestic motor car is selected to simulate the operation of high-speed trains at different crosswind speeds and wind angles. The variation of aerodynamics of the train and the variation mechanism of the aerodynamic force with the wind direction angle are studied. The simulation results show that the lateral force, lift force and overturning moment increase with the increase of crosswind under the action of crosswind with different strength and wind direction. Under the action of strong crosswind, Lateral force and overturning moment of the largest, prone to tipping accidents; and the tail of the lateral force and overturning moment of the smallest, relatively safe. With the increase of wind speed and wind direction angle, the contributions of pantograph and bogie to overturning moment all increase, which can not be ignored in the simulation. When the wind direction angle is more than 5 ° and less than 90 °, the aerodynamic force And the wind direction was the third power relations increased.