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德国是WTO《政府采购协议》(Government ProcurementAgreement,GPA)首批缔约国之一,也是世界第二大贸易体和欧洲经济最发达国家。在GPA规则和欧盟法律规定的影响下,德国政府采购逐步实现与国际市场的接轨,尤其是其联邦政府采购充分发挥政策功能,既保障了联邦机关职能履行,节约了财政预算资金,又维护了企业的合法权益,促进了经济社会协调发展。基于GPA和欧盟的制度框架,考察了解德国联邦政府采购的基本情况,学习借鉴其有益经验和做法,对于改进中央国家机关政府采购工作,为我国加入GPA做好理论、制度、政策和实务准备,具有重要的战略意义。
Germany is one of the first contracting states of the WTO Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), and is also the second largest trading body in the world and the most economically developed country in Europe. Under the influence of the rules of GPA and EU law, German government procurement gradually meets the requirements of the international market. In particular, its federal government procurement gives full play to its policy functions. It not only guarantees the fulfillment of the functions of federal agencies, saves the budgetary capital, and maintains The legitimate rights and interests of enterprises have promoted the coordinated development of economy and society. Based on the GPA and the institutional framework of the European Union, this study examines the basic situation of German federal government procurement, learns from its beneficial experiences and practices, and improves the government procurement work of the central government agencies in China so as to make theoretical, institutional, policy and practical preparations for China’s accession to the GPA, Has important strategic significance.