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黄斑呈一水平的椭圆形,宽约3个视乳头直径。组织学方面:黄斑可定为多于一个节细胞层厚的区域,黄斑的黄色点在黄斑内呈水平椭圆,宽约两个视乳头直径。中心窝为水平椭圆,宽约一个视乳头直径。中心凹大致象陨石坑,边缘稍升起。中心凹的倾壁称为凹壁,凹底为小凹,小凹的解剖中心为脐部。直接眼底镜所见之小凹光反射,是由凹底光反射产生的。
The macula is a horizontal oval with a width of 3 optic fibers. Histologically, the macula can be defined as the area of more than one layer of ganglion cells. The yellow dot of the macula shows a horizontal oval within the macula and a width of about two optic papillas. The central fossa is horizontal oval, a width of about one optic nipple. The fovea roughly resembles a crater with a slight rise in the margin. The concave wall of the fovea is called the concave wall, the concave bottom is the foveola, and the anatomy of the foveola is the umbilicus. The concave concave reflection seen by the direct fundus mirror is produced by the reflection of the concave bottom.