论文部分内容阅读
为进一步贯彻《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》，全面落实《九十年代中国儿童发展规划纲要》（下称ＮＰＡ） 规划指标，提高出生人口素质，以健康促进为中心，１９９７年１月在全区推广应用北京医科大学妇女增补叶酸预防胎儿开 放性神经管畸形（ＮＴＤｓ）的适宜技术。在区政府及有关部门的支持协调下，建立社区妇幼卫生支持组织，利用婚前医学检 查、计生委人口学校及民政婚姻登记，向育龄妇女宣传增补叶酸，疏通并及时把握了孕前期、孕早期妇女的干预管理环 节；同时，在全区４３个承担妇幼保健工作的各级各类医疗保健机构的保健科和１４家含有产科的医院妇产科中开展了预 防ＮＴＤｓ的干预投药、筛查、追踪和控制，即对孕前期、孕早期妇女增补叶酸制剂，实行叶酸证管理；规范ＮＴＤｓ的早、中 期适宜筛查技术；实施孕中期迫访，确定区ＮＴＤｓ的Ｂ超确诊中心；及时终止不良妊娠，推行妇幼保健保偿制，促进临床 与保健相结合，从而建立起我区出生人口预防ＮＴＤｓ的干预模式。经过两年多的研究与实践，ＮＴＤｓ的发生率由１９９４年 的１．４６‰下降到１９９９年（１～９月）的０．３３‰，在１９９４年的基础上下降了７７％；干预前后围产儿死亡构成中，ＮＴＤｓ构成 比由１２％降至２％。
In order to further implement the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care,” fully implement the “China’s Children’s Development Plan for the 1990s” (hereinafter referred to as NPA) planning indicators to improve the quality of the birth population, with health promotion as the center, January 1997 District to promote the application of Beijing Medical University women to add folic acid to prevent fetal open neural tube defects (NTDs) of the appropriate technology. Under the support and coordination of the district government and relevant departments, a community-based MCH support organization will be established to make use of the pre-marital medical examination, the population and school enrollment of the Family Planning Commission and the registration of civil marriage to publicize the folic acid supplementation to women of childbearing age and to clear and timely grasp the pre- At the same time, NTDs prevention, administration, screening and follow-up were carried out in 43 health departments of all kinds of health care institutions and maternity hospitals in obstetrics and gynecology departments, which undertook maternal and child health care work in the region. And control, that pre-pregnancy, early pregnant women folic acid supplements, the implementation of the management of folic acid; NTDs early and mid-term appropriate screening techniques; the implementation of mid-pregnancy interrogation to determine the area NTDs B-diagnostic center; timely termination of adverse pregnancy , The implementation of maternal and child health insurance system, to promote the combination of clinical and health care, so as to establish a population intervention in our region NTDs prevention model. After more than two years of research and practice, the incidence of NTDs dropped from 1.46 ‰ in 1994 to 0.33 ‰ in 1999 (January-September), a decrease of 77% on the basis of 1994. Before and after the intervention The perinatal death composition, NTDs constitute from 12% to 2%.