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Part One 单词专讲
1.rid
【分析】rid vt. 解除，免除，使摆脱
后面常接of,构成短语rid sb./sth. of sth./sb.。
We will have to rid the guy in the street. 我们必须在街上摆脱那个家伙。
【拓展】(1)rid还可构成短语be rid of, 意为 “免除,摆脱,去掉”。如：
I didn’t enjoy doing the things and I was glad to be rid of them. 我不喜欢做这些事情,并很高兴摆脱他们。
(2)rid还可构成短语get rid of, 意为“除掉,卖掉,摆脱掉”。如：
Have you managed to get rid of your old computer yet？ 你卖掉你的旧电脑了吗？
We got rid of our unwelcome guests by saying we had to go to bed. 我们说得睡觉了,这样赶走了不受欢迎的客人。
Treat everyone as you want to be treated.
2.tolerate
【分析】tolerate vt. 容忍，忍受
I will not tolerate his behaviour in public. 我不能容忍他在公开场合那种行为。
No matter what you say, I can’t tolerate his rude action. 不管你说什么,我都不容忍他的粗鲁的行为。
【拓展】tolerate的名词tolerance;形容词为tolerant, 副词为tolerantly。
3.oppose
【分析】oppose vt. 反对，反抗，抵抗
Most of the local residents opposed the closing of their school. 大部分当地居民反对关闭他们的学校。
【拓展】oppose的形容词为opposed,可构成短语be opposed to sth./doing sth. 名词为opposition。
The unions are in opposition to the government over the issue of privatization. 这个联合会在私有化的问题上反对政府。
The chairman is opposed to religious education in schools. 主席反对在学校进行宗教教育。
4.correspond
【分析】correspond vi. 相符，一致，相称
His expenses do not correspond to/with his income. 他的开销与他的收入不相符。
【拓展】correspond用作不及物动词,还可意为“通信”。后面常接介词to。如：
They have corresponded with each other for years but have never actually seen one another.
他们联系了好多年,但还没有真正的见过。
correspond的名词为correspondence。
The survey found no correspondence between crime and unemployment rates. 这个调查发现，犯罪和失业率之间没有联系。
5.calm
【分析】calm adj.沉着的，冷静的
You should learn to keep calm in an emergency. 你应该学会在紧急情况中保持冷静。
【拓展】calm adj. 静的，平静的
After a night of fighting, the streets are now calm. 经过一夜的斗争,街道安静下来了。
calm v. 平静下来，镇静
可构成短语calm (sb.) down 。
I tried to calm my desk mate, who failed to pass the exam. 我想使我的同桌平静下来,他没有通过考试。
The old lady sat down and took a few deep breaths to calm herself down. 老妇人坐下来,深呼吸了几下来使自己平静。
6.considerate
【分析】considerate adj. 关心的，体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的
It was very considerate of your brother to buy food and fruit for me yesterday. 你哥哥昨天为我买食物和水果,真是体贴。
The plan needs a considerate examination before being carried out. 这个计划在实施前需要周全的考察。
【拓展】consideration n. 考虑
常用结构take… into consideration
You should take everything into consideration before you start the project. 在开始这个项目之前你要考虑一切。
不要放弃任何人；奇迹总会发生。
7.conclusion
【分析】conclusion n. 结论；推论；结局
常见搭配有：draw/arrive at/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论；in conclusion最后,总之
What conclusion did you come to？ 你得出了什么结论？
I arrived at/reached the conclusion that he’d been lying. 我看他是在说谎。
In conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here. 最后我想要说我在这里过得有多愉快。
【拓展】conclude vt.
①conclude作“推断”讲时,表示“从……推断出”,与from连用。
What can you conclude from these observations？ 你从这些观察中能得出什么结论？
②如果用ing分词表示“结束”的方式,用by引导。
She concluded her speech by quoting a passage from Shakespeare. 她引用了一段莎士比亚的话结束了演讲。
③如果表示“用……结束”,则用with引导。
I will conclude my article with the sentence. 我将以这句话结束我的文章。
④to conclude 可以单独使用,表示“最后一句话”。
To conclude, I wish you all good health and a long life. 最后,祝大家健康长寿。
8.march
【分析】march vi. 行军，行进
The soldiers marched 150 kilometers in three days. 士兵三天行进了150公里。
【拓展】march vt. 使同行
The man took hold of my arm and marched me off to the manager’s office．
那人抓住我的胳膊,把我带进了经理办公室。
march n. 行军，行进；示威游行
It is impossible to stop the forward march of progress/time. 阻止进展是不可能的。
9.elect
【分析】elect vt. 选择；选定；决定
后面常接不定式
We elected Li Ming our monitor at last. 我们最终选定李明做我们的班长。
They elected the young man as their representative. 他们选那个年轻人作为他们的代表。
My father elected to send my brother to a medical school at last. 我父亲最终选择送我哥哥去医疗学校。
【拓展】elect还可意为“选举,选拔,推选,推举”,后面通常接复合宾语,其宾语补足语是被选举的职务。
His uncle was elected Chairman of the club. 他叔叔被选为俱乐部的主席。
election n. 选举
Local government elections will take place in May. 当地的政府选举要在五月进行。
Part Two 短语专讲
Never give up on anybody; miracles happen.
10.date back to
【分析】date back to追溯到……,始于……
Their friendship dates back to the time that they were children. 他们的友谊始于儿时。
【拓展】date back to通常用一般现在时,只能用于主动语态。还可以换成date from。
This kind of custom dates back to the 19th century. 这种风俗习惯始于19世纪。
The old temple dates back to/from the Tang Dynasty. 这个旧庙建于唐朝。
11.take place
【分析】take place发生
Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 2000.
自从2000年以来我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。
When did the story take place？ 这个故事发生在什么时候？
【拓展】take one’s place代替某人的职务,坐某人的座位
John is too ill to come, so I’m taking his place. 约翰生病了,因此我代替他。
take the place of代替；接替
I don’t think television will ever take the place of books. 我认为电视将永远不会代替书本。
12.resign oneself to
【分析】resign oneself to 听任……,顺从
They refused to resign themselves to the enemy,so they started a revolution. 他们拒绝顺从敌人,于是就开始了革命。
He resigned himself to living alone. 他安于独自生活。
【拓展】resign还可用作不及物动词。
After she had taken my room, there was nothing I could really do except resign. 在她占了我的位置之后,我只能辞职。
13.have a say
【分析】have a say 对……有发言权
Every worker has a say in the management of the company. 在公司的管理方面每个工人都有发言权。
【拓展】have a say 还可表示have some/one’s/no/little say.
I had little/no say in the running of the family business. 对经营家族生意我(几乎)没有发言权。
14.relate to
【分析】relate to sb./sth.表示“与……有联系,与……有关联”。
The speech he gave related to the protection of the environment. 他的演讲跟环境保护有关。
【拓展】relate to 还可表示“理解”。
Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers. 许多父母觉得理解处于青春期的孩子很难。
15.make up
【分析】make up 组成
Eleven boys make up a football team in our class. 我们班十一名男同学组成了一个足球队。
【拓展】make sth. up 编造；收拾；凑足；化装；组成；和解；弥补；补充
Could you make up a list of what you want to buy？ 你能把要买的东西列个单子吗？
We’re hoping to make up time on the return journey by not stopping at night. 返程中,我们希望通过连夜赶路来弥补时间。
His mother takes a long time to make up in the mornings. 他母亲早上要花很长时间化妆。
The young couple often quarrel but they always make it up soon after. 那对年轻夫妇总争吵,但很快就复合。
记住每个人的名字。
●巩
●固
●练
●习
1.To tell you the truth, our teacher won’t_________any cheating in exams．
A.cancel
B.convey
C.tolerate
D.resign
2.You should_________yourself of the bad habit of smoking．
A.get
B.keep
C.influence
D.rid
3.The young man was angry at first but at last we managed to_________him .
A.calm; down
B.calm; up
C.calm; on
D.turn; down
4.It is not necessary at all for you to_________this new decision. It is very useful．
A.oppose
B.agree
C.ask
D.pay
5.The film festival talked about in his letter __________last year.
A.held out
B.broke out
C.happened to
D.took place
6.In Britain today women_________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A.build up
B.make up
C.stand for
D.send up
7.To my surprise, my parents strongly_________our going to Shanghai World Expo Park this week.
A.enjoy
B.oppose
C.agree
D.insist
8.The old temple_________the 17th century has become a tourist attraction．
A.dates back to
B.dating back
C.dating from
D.dates from
9.As middle school students, we should learn to be polite and_________towards the elders.
A.impressive
B.spiritual
C.unfair
D.considerate
10.—The workers_________in how the factory will be run.
—That’s great.
A.have the say
B.have a say
C.have says
D.have some say
11.Steven’s ability to learn from observation and experience greatly_________his success in public life.
A.related to
B.connected to
C.attached to
D.contributed to
12.At last we came to a(n)_________that the beautiful necklace was false.
A.idea
B.thinking
C.conclusion
D.information
13.The young man_________from the company in order to take a more challenging job．
A.came
B.resigned
C.graduated
D.retired
14.His aunt_________to take early retirement instead of moving to the new location．
A.accepted
B.admitted
C.concluded
D.elected
15.The description of these events correspond __________other accounts written at the time.
A.with
B.at
C.in
D.to
【参考答案】
1—5 CDAAD 6—10 BBCDB 11—15 ACBDD
1.rid
【分析】rid vt. 解除，免除，使摆脱
后面常接of,构成短语rid sb./sth. of sth./sb.。
We will have to rid the guy in the street. 我们必须在街上摆脱那个家伙。
【拓展】(1)rid还可构成短语be rid of, 意为 “免除,摆脱,去掉”。如：
I didn’t enjoy doing the things and I was glad to be rid of them. 我不喜欢做这些事情,并很高兴摆脱他们。
(2)rid还可构成短语get rid of, 意为“除掉,卖掉,摆脱掉”。如：
Have you managed to get rid of your old computer yet？ 你卖掉你的旧电脑了吗？
We got rid of our unwelcome guests by saying we had to go to bed. 我们说得睡觉了,这样赶走了不受欢迎的客人。
Treat everyone as you want to be treated.
2.tolerate
【分析】tolerate vt. 容忍，忍受
I will not tolerate his behaviour in public. 我不能容忍他在公开场合那种行为。
No matter what you say, I can’t tolerate his rude action. 不管你说什么,我都不容忍他的粗鲁的行为。
【拓展】tolerate的名词tolerance;形容词为tolerant, 副词为tolerantly。
3.oppose
【分析】oppose vt. 反对，反抗，抵抗
Most of the local residents opposed the closing of their school. 大部分当地居民反对关闭他们的学校。
【拓展】oppose的形容词为opposed,可构成短语be opposed to sth./doing sth. 名词为opposition。
The unions are in opposition to the government over the issue of privatization. 这个联合会在私有化的问题上反对政府。
The chairman is opposed to religious education in schools. 主席反对在学校进行宗教教育。
4.correspond
【分析】correspond vi. 相符，一致，相称
His expenses do not correspond to/with his income. 他的开销与他的收入不相符。
【拓展】correspond用作不及物动词,还可意为“通信”。后面常接介词to。如：
They have corresponded with each other for years but have never actually seen one another.
他们联系了好多年,但还没有真正的见过。
correspond的名词为correspondence。
The survey found no correspondence between crime and unemployment rates. 这个调查发现，犯罪和失业率之间没有联系。
5.calm
【分析】calm adj.沉着的，冷静的
You should learn to keep calm in an emergency. 你应该学会在紧急情况中保持冷静。
【拓展】calm adj. 静的，平静的
After a night of fighting, the streets are now calm. 经过一夜的斗争,街道安静下来了。
calm v. 平静下来，镇静
可构成短语calm (sb.) down 。
I tried to calm my desk mate, who failed to pass the exam. 我想使我的同桌平静下来,他没有通过考试。
The old lady sat down and took a few deep breaths to calm herself down. 老妇人坐下来,深呼吸了几下来使自己平静。
6.considerate
【分析】considerate adj. 关心的，体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的
It was very considerate of your brother to buy food and fruit for me yesterday. 你哥哥昨天为我买食物和水果,真是体贴。
The plan needs a considerate examination before being carried out. 这个计划在实施前需要周全的考察。
【拓展】consideration n. 考虑
常用结构take… into consideration
You should take everything into consideration before you start the project. 在开始这个项目之前你要考虑一切。
不要放弃任何人；奇迹总会发生。
7.conclusion
【分析】conclusion n. 结论；推论；结局
常见搭配有：draw/arrive at/come to/reach a conclusion得出结论；in conclusion最后,总之
What conclusion did you come to？ 你得出了什么结论？
I arrived at/reached the conclusion that he’d been lying. 我看他是在说谎。
In conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here. 最后我想要说我在这里过得有多愉快。
【拓展】conclude vt.
①conclude作“推断”讲时,表示“从……推断出”,与from连用。
What can you conclude from these observations？ 你从这些观察中能得出什么结论？
②如果用ing分词表示“结束”的方式,用by引导。
She concluded her speech by quoting a passage from Shakespeare. 她引用了一段莎士比亚的话结束了演讲。
③如果表示“用……结束”,则用with引导。
I will conclude my article with the sentence. 我将以这句话结束我的文章。
④to conclude 可以单独使用,表示“最后一句话”。
To conclude, I wish you all good health and a long life. 最后,祝大家健康长寿。
8.march
【分析】march vi. 行军，行进
The soldiers marched 150 kilometers in three days. 士兵三天行进了150公里。
【拓展】march vt. 使同行
The man took hold of my arm and marched me off to the manager’s office．
那人抓住我的胳膊,把我带进了经理办公室。
march n. 行军，行进；示威游行
It is impossible to stop the forward march of progress/time. 阻止进展是不可能的。
9.elect
【分析】elect vt. 选择；选定；决定
后面常接不定式
We elected Li Ming our monitor at last. 我们最终选定李明做我们的班长。
They elected the young man as their representative. 他们选那个年轻人作为他们的代表。
My father elected to send my brother to a medical school at last. 我父亲最终选择送我哥哥去医疗学校。
【拓展】elect还可意为“选举,选拔,推选,推举”,后面通常接复合宾语,其宾语补足语是被选举的职务。
His uncle was elected Chairman of the club. 他叔叔被选为俱乐部的主席。
election n. 选举
Local government elections will take place in May. 当地的政府选举要在五月进行。
Part Two 短语专讲
Never give up on anybody; miracles happen.
10.date back to
【分析】date back to追溯到……,始于……
Their friendship dates back to the time that they were children. 他们的友谊始于儿时。
【拓展】date back to通常用一般现在时,只能用于主动语态。还可以换成date from。
This kind of custom dates back to the 19th century. 这种风俗习惯始于19世纪。
The old temple dates back to/from the Tang Dynasty. 这个旧庙建于唐朝。
11.take place
【分析】take place发生
Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 2000.
自从2000年以来我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。
When did the story take place？ 这个故事发生在什么时候？
【拓展】take one’s place代替某人的职务,坐某人的座位
John is too ill to come, so I’m taking his place. 约翰生病了,因此我代替他。
take the place of代替；接替
I don’t think television will ever take the place of books. 我认为电视将永远不会代替书本。
12.resign oneself to
【分析】resign oneself to 听任……,顺从
They refused to resign themselves to the enemy,so they started a revolution. 他们拒绝顺从敌人,于是就开始了革命。
He resigned himself to living alone. 他安于独自生活。
【拓展】resign还可用作不及物动词。
After she had taken my room, there was nothing I could really do except resign. 在她占了我的位置之后,我只能辞职。
13.have a say
【分析】have a say 对……有发言权
Every worker has a say in the management of the company. 在公司的管理方面每个工人都有发言权。
【拓展】have a say 还可表示have some/one’s/no/little say.
I had little/no say in the running of the family business. 对经营家族生意我(几乎)没有发言权。
14.relate to
【分析】relate to sb./sth.表示“与……有联系,与……有关联”。
The speech he gave related to the protection of the environment. 他的演讲跟环境保护有关。
【拓展】relate to 还可表示“理解”。
Many parents find it hard to relate to their children when they are teenagers. 许多父母觉得理解处于青春期的孩子很难。
15.make up
【分析】make up 组成
Eleven boys make up a football team in our class. 我们班十一名男同学组成了一个足球队。
【拓展】make sth. up 编造；收拾；凑足；化装；组成；和解；弥补；补充
Could you make up a list of what you want to buy？ 你能把要买的东西列个单子吗？
We’re hoping to make up time on the return journey by not stopping at night. 返程中,我们希望通过连夜赶路来弥补时间。
His mother takes a long time to make up in the mornings. 他母亲早上要花很长时间化妆。
The young couple often quarrel but they always make it up soon after. 那对年轻夫妇总争吵,但很快就复合。
记住每个人的名字。
●巩
●固
●练
●习
1.To tell you the truth, our teacher won’t_________any cheating in exams．
A.cancel
B.convey
C.tolerate
D.resign
2.You should_________yourself of the bad habit of smoking．
A.get
B.keep
C.influence
D.rid
3.The young man was angry at first but at last we managed to_________him .
A.calm; down
B.calm; up
C.calm; on
D.turn; down
4.It is not necessary at all for you to_________this new decision. It is very useful．
A.oppose
B.agree
C.ask
D.pay
5.The film festival talked about in his letter __________last year.
A.held out
B.broke out
C.happened to
D.took place
6.In Britain today women_________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A.build up
B.make up
C.stand for
D.send up
7.To my surprise, my parents strongly_________our going to Shanghai World Expo Park this week.
A.enjoy
B.oppose
C.agree
D.insist
8.The old temple_________the 17th century has become a tourist attraction．
A.dates back to
B.dating back
C.dating from
D.dates from
9.As middle school students, we should learn to be polite and_________towards the elders.
A.impressive
B.spiritual
C.unfair
D.considerate
10.—The workers_________in how the factory will be run.
—That’s great.
A.have the say
B.have a say
C.have says
D.have some say
11.Steven’s ability to learn from observation and experience greatly_________his success in public life.
A.related to
B.connected to
C.attached to
D.contributed to
12.At last we came to a(n)_________that the beautiful necklace was false.
A.idea
B.thinking
C.conclusion
D.information
13.The young man_________from the company in order to take a more challenging job．
A.came
B.resigned
C.graduated
D.retired
14.His aunt_________to take early retirement instead of moving to the new location．
A.accepted
B.admitted
C.concluded
D.elected
15.The description of these events correspond __________other accounts written at the time.
A.with
B.at
C.in
D.to
【参考答案】
1—5 CDAAD 6—10 BBCDB 11—15 ACBDD