庆大霉素(下简称庆大)为氨基糖甙类抗生素,因其抗菌谱广、使用方便、不需作皮试,价格便宜、货源充足,近年来应用十分普遍,且有滥用现象,肾毒性的发生也随之增多,但尚未引起临床医师(特别是基层)的足够重视。为此,笔者将这方面的资料作一综述。一、发生率肾损害的发生率和药量及用药时间有关,在治疗剂量时,发生率约2～30％;若增加荆量与延长疗程,可高达66％。在综合性医院的急性肾功能衰竭患者中,22～36％是由庆大引起的。晚近有人报道,即使是治疗剂量,用7～10天,100％的患者均有不同程度的肾小球和肾小管功能受损。二、发生机制尚未完全阐明。近年研究证实,庆大的肾毒性主要与其分子中的阳离子氨基 Gentamicin (hereinafter referred to as Qingda) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, because of its broad antibacterial spectrum, easy to use, without making a skin test, cheap, adequate supply, application is very common in recent years, and there is abuse, kidney The occurrence of toxicity also increases, but not enough attention has been paid by clinicians (especially grassroots). To this end, I will make a summary of this information. First, the incidence of renal damage and the amount of drug dosage and medication time, the dose at the time of treatment, the incidence of about 2 to 30%; if increased amount of Jing and prolonged course of treatment can be as high as 66%. In general hospital acute renal failure patients, 22 to 36% is caused by the Qingda. Recently it was reported that, even the therapeutic dose, with 7 to 10 days, 100% of patients have varying degrees of glomerular and tubular dysfunction. Second, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In recent years, studies have confirmed that Qing large renal toxicity and its molecules in the cationic amino