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本文首先分析了经济转轨初期乌克兰国家创新系统的基本架构。剖析了经济转轨中乌克兰的国家创新体系的运行绩效及其主要制约因素:一方面是经济转轨危机削弱了乌克兰的创新资源;另一方面是乌克兰的系统配置能力较低,技术市场发育滞后从根本上阻碍了各种知识流动和要素循环。进入转轨新阶段,面对日益严峻的形势,乌克兰各界形成了广泛共识,即乌克兰只能通过广泛采用高技术之路融入世界经济共同体,舍此别无强国之路。从经济转轨中乌克兰政府对国家创新体系调整背景分析入手,揭示了乌克兰政府在国家创新体系的重构中具有特殊重要作用。针对国家创新体系的系统失效,乌克兰政府采取了积极的应对举措。最后本文总结了乌克兰政府调整国家创新体系具体路径等重要经验与启示。
This paper first analyzes the basic structure of the national innovation system in Ukraine at the beginning of economic transition. The operational performance of Ukraine’s national innovation system and its main constraints are analyzed in the economic transition: on the one hand, the crisis of economic transition weakened Ukraine’s innovation resources; on the other hand, Ukraine’s system allocation capacity is low and the development of the technology market lags behind from the fundamental Hinder the flow of knowledge and elements of circulation. Enter a new stage of transition, in the face of increasingly serious situation, Ukraine has formed a broad consensus among all walks of life that Ukraine can only enter the world economic community through the extensive adoption of high technology and give it no other road to power. Starting with the analysis of the background of the national innovation system by the Ukrainian government in economic transition, it reveals that the Ukrainian government has a special and important role in the reconstruction of the national innovation system. In response to the systematic failure of the national innovation system, the Ukrainian government took a positive response. Finally, this article summarizes the important experience and enlightenment of Ukrainian government in adjusting the national innovation system.