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意向书在我国交易实践运用广泛,但其法律效力并不确定,理论上也并无深入研究。国外学者多从案例分析入手研究意向书的效力,取得一定成果,值得借鉴。根据意向书的内容和当事人的意思,实践中经常使用的意向书包括完全有约束力、部分内容有约束力和完全没有约束力三种类型。意向书完全有约束力的条件是内容具体确定和当事人有受约束的意思;意向书包含的程序性条款通常有约束力;内容不确定或(和)没有受约束的意思,或者包含排除约束力的条款时,意向书没有约束力。
The application of the letter of intent in the practice of trading in our country is extensive, but its legal effect is not certain and there is no theoretical study. Foreign scholars start from the case analysis to study the validity of the letter of intent, and achieved some results, it is worth learning from. According to the contents of the letter of intent and the parties’ meanings, the commonly used letter of intent in practice includes three types: completely binding, partially binding and totally non-binding. The terms of a letter of intent are binding in all material respects and are subject to the terms and conditions of the contract; the terms of the contract contained in the letter of intent are generally binding; the content is indefinite or (and) has no binding meaning or contains binding terms When the letter of intent is not binding.