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目的了解河南省安阳市青少年吸烟行为现况及其影响因素,为采取干预措施提供依据。方法2013年10月—2014年2月采用分层整群抽样方法,对河南省安阳市24所监测学校共5 040人进行问卷调查。结果报告曾经吸烟率为27.48%,现在吸烟率为12.38%,低龄吸烟率为10.67%,且3种吸烟行为发生率均男生>女生、城市>农村(均P<0.05)。曾经吸烟率随着年级的增长而增长;而低龄吸烟、现在吸烟和经常吸烟高中阶段明显高于初中和大学(P<0.01)。青少年吸烟行为logistic回归分析显示,安阳市城、乡学生吸烟行为的共同危险因素为饮酒(OR=4.216、6.434)、打架(OR=2.549、2.483)、孤独(OR=1.957、1.429),城市学生危险因素还包括受欺侮(OR=1.546),农村学生包括骑车违规(OR=1.319)、绝望(OR=1.429)和自杀意念(OR=1.436);保护因素城市学生为采取减肥措施、体育活动以及学习压力大,农村学生为采取减肥措施、体育活动1~2 d/周和有时学习压力大。结论安阳市青少年吸烟率较高并与危害健康行为发生有关;家庭、学校和社会应行动起来,共同采取综合干预措施,预防和减少青少年吸烟行为的发生。
Objective To understand the status quo of juvenile smoking behavior and its influencing factors in Anyang City, Henan Province, and to provide basis for the intervention measures. Methods From October 2013 to February 2014, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 5 040 people from 24 schools in Anyang, Henan Province. The results showed that the smoking rate was 27.48%, the current smoking rate was 12.38%, the low smoking rate was 10.67%, and the incidences of three kinds of smoking were boys> girls, cities> rural areas (all P <0.05). Previous smoking rates increased with the growth of grades; while younger ones now smoking and regular smoking were significantly higher in high school than in junior high and university (P <0.01). The logistic regression analysis of smoking behavior in adolescents showed that the common risk factors for smoking behavior in urban and rural students in Anyang were drinking (OR = 4.216,6.434), fighting (OR = 2.549,2.483), loneliness (OR = 1.957,1.429) Risk factors included bullying (OR = 1.546), rural students including bicycle violation (OR = 1.319), despair (OR = 1.429) and suicidal ideation As well as learning pressure, rural students to take measures to lose weight, physical activity 1 ~ 2 d / week and sometimes learning pressure. Conclusion The prevalence of smoking in adolescents in Anyang City is relatively high and related to the occurrence of health behaviors. Families, schools and society should act together to take comprehensive interventions to prevent and reduce the occurrence of smoking among adolescents.