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应对亚当·斯密“经济人”理论进行系统的理解,它包括利己心、道德与法律和基于制度建设的经济自由主义的三个互相联系的层次;但后人对斯密“经济人”理论不断地庸俗化:从古典经济学家的继承与发展,到新古典经济学派的修正与发展,直至新政治经济学的完全庸俗化。历史学派和制度学派对此进行了理论上的批判,但理论上的庸俗化导致伦理上的极端个人主义,其危害影响深远。为此,我们应当正确地借鉴和应用“经济人”理论。
A systematic understanding of Adam Smith’s theory of “economic man” should be systematically carried out. It includes three levels of interdependence between self-interest, morality and law, and economic liberalism based on institution-building. However, the theory of “economic man” Constantly vulgarization: From the inheritance and development of the classical economists to the revision and development of the neoclassical school of economics, until the complete vulgarization of the new political economy. Historical schools and institutional schools criticized this theoretically, but the theory of vulgarization led to ethical extreme individualism, whose harm has a far-reaching impact. To this end, we should correctly learn from and apply the theory of “economic man”.