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目的分析探讨2008年乌鲁木齐成人麻疹病例流行原因。方法对一起麻疹流行中的113例成人患者,采集急性期和恢复期双份血清,用酶联免疫吸附试验测定IgG、IgM抗体并与既往免疫史结合分析。结果113例双份血清患者被确认为成人麻疹病例,发病年龄高峰在21～30岁。以急性期、恢复期IgM、IgG抗体的分布为标识进行分类,113例患者中,麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)原发性免疫失败或未免疫者为25例,占患者总数的22.12%;继发性免疫失败者为45人,占患者总数的39.82%。MV未免疫与原发性免疫失败病例中,有68%(17/25)为未免疫或接种史不洋。结论成人麻疹病例的发生均因无免疫史或原发免疫失败所致,应对既往麻疹疫苗低免疫地区成人开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of adult measles cases in Urumqi in 2008. Methods A total of 113 adult patients with measles epidemic were enrolled. Acute and convalescent sera were collected. The IgG and IgM antibodies were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed in combination with previous immunization history. Results 113 double serum patients were identified as adult measles cases, the peak age of onset in the 21 to 30 years old. According to the distribution of IgM and IgG antibodies in acute phase and convalescent phase, 25 cases of primary immune failure or nonimmunization of live attenuated measles vaccine (MV) were found in 113 cases, accounting for 22.12% of the total number of patients. 45 cases of secondary immune failure, accounting for 39.82% of the total number of patients. Sixty-eight percent (17/25) of the unvaccinated and uninfected cases of MV failed to immunize or vaccinated. Conclusion The incidence of adult measles cases are all due to no history of immunization or primary immune failure, and the measles vaccine should be boosted in adults with low measles vaccine immunization.