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由于产业发展正处于转型阶段,我国畜禽养殖污染治理中的管理问题比技术问题更加突出,选择适宜的组织管理模式尤其重要。融合了效果分析、效率评价和适应性分析,尝试构建一个养殖废弃物资源化利用管理模式综合评价框架,并选择太湖流域4个不同类型的典型案例进行方法例证。研究表明,传统的养殖企业主导型管理模式应用于小型、分散养殖废弃物资源化利用时面临着经济效率低、适应性差难题;农村废弃物处理中心、种植企业和有机肥企业的参与可以改善小型、分散养殖废弃物资源化利用的经济效率;综合考虑效果、效率与适应性,种植企业、有机肥企业主导型模式的适宜推广范围更广。应根据不同地区种植-养殖产业关系、污染治理需求、经济发展水平与政府投入能力等,灵活组合应用不同管理模式。
As the industrial development is in the process of transformation, the management of livestock and poultry breeding in China is more prominent than the technical issues in the pollution control. It is particularly important to select the suitable mode of organization and management. It combines the effectiveness analysis, efficiency evaluation and adaptability analysis, attempts to build a comprehensive evaluation framework for the utilization management of aquaculture waste, and selects four typical cases of Taihu Lake Basin for illustration. The research shows that the traditional management mode of farmed enterprises is faced with the problem of low economic efficiency and poor adaptability when it is applied to the resource utilization of small-scale and decentralized farming waste. The participation of rural waste treatment centers, planting enterprises and organic fertilizer enterprises can improve the efficiency of small- , Economic efficiency of resource utilization of scattered farming waste; comprehensive consideration of the effect, efficiency and adaptability, planting enterprises, organic fertilizer business-oriented model is more suitable for a wider range of promotion. Different management modes should be flexibly applied according to the planting and breeding industries in different regions, the needs of pollution control, the level of economic development and the government investment capability.