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我国农村供水设施普遍存在分散与运行管理落后的问题,导致广大农村地区的饮用水安全得不到保障。针对华南某山区优质水库水源水开发了生物活性炭耦合超滤(BAC/UF)的短流程工艺,通过考察直接超滤(UF)工艺和BAC/UF工艺的净水效能和膜污染状况,分析了短流程超滤工艺在农村供水工程中应用存在的优势和不足。结果表明,超滤优异的截留性能能够确保产水浊度低于0.1 NTU,但对水中的氨氮去除效果较差(去除率<40%),产水的氨氮指标不能满足国标要求,而BAC/UF工艺凭借生物降解作用,可以有效去除氨氮(平均去除率达96.54%),同时还能够提高对有机物的去除效果(平均去除率达35.38%),减缓超滤膜的污染。综上,对于山区水库水等优质水源,可采用BAC/UF工艺保障饮用水水质安全。
China’s rural water supply facilities are generally dispersed and poor management of the operation, resulting in the vast majority of rural drinking water safety can not be guaranteed. Aiming at the short flow process of biological activated carbon coupled ultrafiltration (BAC / UF) for the high-quality reservoir water source in a mountainous area of South China, the effects of direct ultrafiltration (UF) process and BAC / UF process on water purification efficiency and membrane fouling were analyzed Short-run ultrafiltration process in rural water supply project has the advantages and disadvantages. The results show that the excellent rejection of ultrafiltration can ensure the production of turbidity less than 0.1 NTU, but the removal of ammonia in water is less effective (removal rate <40%), ammonia production indicators can not meet the national standard requirements, and BAC / UF process can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen (average removal rate 96.54%) by virtue of biodegradation, and also can improve the removal of organic matter (average removal rate of 35.38%) and reduce the pollution of the ultrafiltration membrane. In summary, for high-quality water sources such as mountain reservoir water, BAC / UF process can be used to ensure the quality of drinking water safety.