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目前常用叠前深度偏移主要有四种:基于射线理论的Kirchhoff偏移和高斯束偏移以及基于波动方程理论的单程波偏移和逆时偏移.要想在实际应用中取得好的成像效果,必须选取合理、有效的叠前深度偏移算法.本文首先简单阐述了这四种常用叠前深度偏移方法的基本原理,对比分析了四种方法在陡倾角、速度依赖性、起伏地表、非规则数据、低信噪比数据等方面的优劣性以及计算效率和计算精度的差异,然后利用模型试算和实际资料处理分析说明这四种叠前深度偏移方法的成像效果,最后给出不同情况下叠前深度偏移方法的选取建议.
At present, there are mainly four kinds of prestack depth migration: ray-based Kirchhoff migration and Gaussian beam migration, one-way wave migration and inverse time migration based on the wave equation theory.To achieve good imaging in practical application We must choose a reasonable and effective algorithm of prestack depth migration.Firstly, the basic principle of these four commonly used prestack depth migration methods is briefly described in this paper, and the results of four methods in steep inclination, velocity dependence, undulating surface , Non-regular data, low signal-to-noise ratio data and other aspects of the advantages and disadvantages as well as the difference between computational efficiency and computational accuracy, and then use the model trial calculations and actual data processing and analysis of the four prestack depth migration method imaging results, and finally Presents the selection of prestack depth migration method under different conditions.