特里·伊格尔顿(1943-)是英国新左派文艺理论家,西方马克思主义文学批评在英美文学界的新一代代表。虽然他的批评观点尚处在发展过程中,并未形成自己的系统批评理论,但已在西方文化界产生了相当的影响。近年来,他还注意从各种流派中汲取营养,特别关注文学批评理论的社会性和政治性。他在《马克思主义与文学批评》、《文学原理引论》等许多著作中,力图对文学批评中的一些重要理论问题以及当代西方各种文学思潮,进行马克思主义的分析,在英美批评界别树一帜,反响甚大。本文就唯物史观与文学批评、文学的倾向性以及反映论等问题,对伊氏的观点略作评述。一、唯物史观与文学批评作为一个西方马克思主义批评家,伊格尔顿的显著特点在于自觉地运用唯物史观来解释种种文学现象。这是他的文学观的基石。基于此,伊格尔顿 Terry Eagleton (1943-) is a new generation of representatives of British New Left literary theorists and Western Marxist literary criticism in the Anglo-American literary world. Although his critical views are still in the process of development and have not formed his own theory of systematic criticism, it has had a considerable impact on the western cultural circles. In recent years, he has also paid attention to drawing nutrition from various genres, paying particular attention to the social and political nature of literary criticism. In many works such as “Marxism and Literary Criticism” and “Introduction to Literary Theories”, he tries to analyze Marxism in some important theoretical issues in literary criticism and various literary trends in the West. A single tree, a great response. This article gives a brief comment on Yi’s viewpoint on the issues of historical materialism and literary criticism, literary tendencies and reflection. I. Historical Materialism and Literary Criticism As a critique of western Marxism, Eagleton’s remarkable feature is the conscious application of historical materialism to explain various literary phenomena. This is the cornerstone of his literary view. Based on this, Eagleton