资本在经济发展中有非常重要的作用。然而在非洲 ,资本却严重不足 ,成为经济发展的掣肘。非洲资本不足的主要原因是 :经济发展水平低 ,人均收入尤其是可支配收入少 ;以农矿初级产品为主要出口产品 ,外贸创汇能力差 ;依赖外援却没有充分利用好外援 ;政局不稳 ,影响了非洲内部的投资 ;制度中存在种种弊端 ,影响资本形成 ;此外 ,还有高出生率、高死亡率及传统文化的影响。解决这一问题的措施有 :国家减少对经济的干预 ,促使企业增效、创收 ;企业必须适应市场需要 ,由粗放式经营向集约型经营转变 ,优化管理 ,实现最大盈利 ;采取稳健的财政政策和货币政策 ,促进储蓄和投资 ;吸引外资 ,有效利用外援和国际优惠贷款 Capital plays a very important role in economic development. However, in Africa, capital is seriously underdeveloped and has become a constraint on economic development. The main reasons for the shortage of capital in Africa are as follows: the low level of economic development and the per capita income, especially the disposable income; the primary export products of agricultural and primary products are poorly earmarked for foreign exchange earning foreign exchange; foreign aid is not fully utilized in foreign aid; the political instability, Affecting intra-African investment; there are drawbacks in the system that affect the formation of capital; in addition, there are high birth rates, high mortality rates and the impact of traditional culture. Measures to solve this problem are: the state to reduce economic intervention to promote business efficiency, income generation; enterprises must adapt to market needs, from extensive operations to intensive operations change, optimize management, to achieve maximum profitability; to take a prudent fiscal policy And monetary policy to promote savings and investment; attract foreign investment and make effective use of foreign aid and international concessional loans