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目的:浅谈被黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤中毒后的治疗方法。方法:综合已有文献报道的资料,浅谈黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤中毒的症状、毒液成分和中毒机制等,着重分析中毒后的治疗方案,并对疗效和相关影响因素进行讨论。结果:缓解大部分黑寡妇蜘蛛咬伤的毒性反应,纠正休克状态,多数患者可以在一周左右好转并康复出院。结论:黑寡妇蜘蛛的毒液中含α-黑寡妇蛛毒素,是一种蛋白质神经毒素,主要通过影响脊椎动物的神经突触发挥毒性作用。被黑寡妇蜘蛛咬到后应立即结扎伤口近心端,反复吮吸伤口或以烟头等灼烧。伤口消毒后地塞米松、葡萄糖酸钙注射液静注:利尿可给予利尿剂等:呼吸困难者给予尼可刹米。
Objective: To discuss the treatment of black widow spider bite poisoning. Methods: Based on the information reported in the literature, the symptoms, venom composition and poisoning mechanism of black widow spider bite poisoning were analyzed. The treatment programs after poisoning were analyzed emphatically, and the curative effect and related influencing factors were discussed. Results: To alleviate most of the black widow spider bite toxicity, correct the state of shock, most patients can be improved in about a week and discharged. Conclusion: The black widow spider venom contains α-black widow spider toxin, which is a protein neurotoxin that exerts its toxic effects primarily through affecting neuronal synapses in vertebrates. After being bitten by a black widow spider, the proximal end of the wound should be immediately ligatured, and the sucking wounds should be repeatedly sucked or burned with a cigarette butt. Dexamethasone, calcium gluconate injection intravenously after wound disinfection: Diuretic may be given to diuretics, etc. Patients with dyspnea may be given niccaseham.