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实词虚化现象,在汉藏语的许多语言中都能见到。实词虚化是语法、语义演变的一种方式,它对改变语言结构特点起着很大的作用。研究语言的演变,不能不研究实词虚化。因为实词虚化不仅改变实词的意义,而且有些还改变其语言形式。如果不弄清实词虚化的特点,就不可能确定其原先的面貌是什么。就语言历史比较来说,拿已改变的意义和形式来比较是不可能得出科学结论的。西方有些学者重视语法化(grammaticalization)的研究,其原因就在于此。 这里需要说明一点的是:西方学者提出的“语法化”或我国学者提出的“词汇语法化”,其概念与这里所说的“虚化”不完全相同。语法化,主要是指非语法成分转为语法成分;而
Real words blurring, can be seen in many languages of Chinese and Tibetan. Bleaching of real words is a way of grammar and semantic evolution, which plays a great role in changing the characteristics of language structure. Study of the evolution of language, can not but study the real words. Because real words not only change the meaning of real words, but some also change their language form. If you do not understand the characteristics of empty words, it is impossible to determine what its original appearance. In terms of linguistic history, it is impossible to draw a scientific conclusion by comparing the changed meanings and forms. The reason why some western scholars attach importance to the study of grammaticalization. What needs to be clarified here is that the concept of “grammaticalization” proposed by western scholars or “grammaticalization of vocabulary” proposed by our scholars is not exactly the same as that described here. Grammaticalization, mainly refers to non-grammatical components into grammatical components ;.