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以主动冷却发动机壁板为模型,考虑受均匀热流载荷作用下方形管在流体冷却过程中的共轭传热问题,建立了防热涂层、固体管道和冷却液的三维耦合模型。利用数值离散方法进行了瞬态热流固耦合分析,得到了固体结构和流场的瞬态温度场、界面热流及结构应力分布规律。结果表明:在冷却液的作用下结构温度能达到稳定值,但油冷情况下稳态温度值高于水冷情况;在流固界面处温度沿流向逐渐上升,且壁面热流分布在界面上下表面处随时间变化情况不同,在结构边角处出现较大的应力集中。
In order to take the initiative to cool the engine wall as a model, considering the heat transfer of the square tube under fluid flow under uniform heat flow load, a three-dimensional coupled model of the heat-resistant coating, solid pipe and coolant is established. The transient thermal-fluid-solid coupling analysis was carried out by using the numerical discrete method, and the transient temperature field, interface heat flow and structural stress distribution of solid structure and flow field were obtained. The results show that the structure temperature can reach a steady value under the condition of coolant, but the steady-state temperature value is higher than that under water-cooling condition. The temperature increases along the flow direction at the fluid-solid interface and the wall heat flow distributes at the upper and lower surfaces of the interface As time changes, large stress concentration occurs at the corners of the structure.