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随着多电飞机、全电飞机的高速发展,三级式航空无刷同步电机因兼顾高功率密度及功率因数可调等优势得到广泛应用。由于三级式电机中主发电机的凸极特性,转子磁场位置的变化会影响定子铁芯的饱和程度,从而造成定子电感值的变化。该文分析了三级电机饱和状态下电感值的变化规律,并在此基础上利用主发电机的凸极特性,采用脉冲式电压注入法进行转子位置的检测。在实际应用中,三级式电机在起动时采用单相交流励磁方式产生励磁电流,导致主发电机励磁电流产生较大脉动,该脉动信号的干扰使传统的定位方法难以准确估计出转子初始位置。该文通过对励磁机输出特性的分析,建立集励磁机和主发电机的一体化数学模型,提出采用傅里叶算法对响应电流数据进行分析,以获取转子初始位置的方法。实验结果表明,该文方法能够有效消除励磁机脉动干扰,实现转子位置的精确定位,同时该文算法计算量较低,易于在嵌入式系统中实现。
With the rapid development of multi-plane and all-electric aircraft, the three-stage air-brushless synchronous motor is widely used due to its advantages such as high power density and adjustable power factor. Due to the salient pole characteristics of the main generator in a three-stage electric motor, changes in the position of the rotor magnetic field affect the degree of saturation of the stator core, resulting in a change in the value of the stator inductance. In this paper, the variation law of the inductance of the three-stage motor under saturation condition is analyzed. Based on this, the salient pole characteristic of the main generator is used, and the pulse voltage injection method is used to detect the rotor position. In practical application, the three-phase motor generates excitation current by single-phase AC excitation during start-up, resulting in a large pulsation of the excitation current of the main generator. The disturbance of the pulsation signal makes it difficult to accurately estimate the initial position of the rotor by the traditional positioning method . In this paper, an integrated mathematical model of exciter and main generator is established by analyzing the output characteristics of exciter. The method of using Fourier algorithm to analyze the response current data to obtain the initial position of the rotor is proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate the pulsation disturbance of exciter and realize the accurate positioning of the rotor position. At the same time, this algorithm has a low computational complexity and is easy to implement in embedded systems.