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由EBI-3和p28组成的IL-27是IL-12家族的新成员,主要来源于树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DCs)的分泌。当DCs表面的Toll样受体(Toll like receptor,TLR)受到外界信号刺激的时候,通过激活下游因子MyD88、IRF3、c-Rel以及JNK等通路介导IL-27表达。IL-27受体由WSX-1和gp130两个亚基组成,表达于多种免疫细胞和非免疫细胞表面。IL-27对这些细胞的发育、分化和功能都发挥着不可或缺的作用。IL-27与其受体结合后,通过激活下游的STAT1/STAT3途径诱导na?veT细胞向Th1方向分化,同时抑制其向Th2、Th17和Foxp3+Treg方向分化。B细胞抗体类型的转换、DCs表面共刺激分子的表达和促进Th1反应的能力也受到IL-27的调节。另外,IL-27还可以诱导一些非免疫细胞的表面表达MHC分子,使其具有抗原呈递的功能。更具有临床意义的是,IL-27在许多感染性疾病、自身免疫病和肿瘤中都发挥了重要作用,是相关疾病潜在的作用靶点。
IL-27, composed of EBI-3 and p28, is a new member of the IL-12 family and is mainly derived from the secretion of dendritic cells (DCs). When Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on DCs are stimulated by external signals, IL-27 expression is mediated through activation of downstream factors MyD88, IRF3, c-Rel and JNK. The IL-27 receptor consists of two subunits, WSX-1 and gp130, expressed on a variety of immune and non-immune cell surfaces. IL-27 plays an integral role in the development, differentiation and function of these cells. After IL-27 binds to its receptor, na? VeT cells are induced to differentiate into Th1 direction by activating the downstream STAT1 / STAT3 pathway, and inhibit their differentiation toward Th2, Th17 and Foxp3 + Tregs. The conversion of B cell antibody types, the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on the surface of DCs, and the ability to promote Th1 responses are also regulated by IL-27. In addition, IL-27 can induce the expression of MHC molecules on the surface of some non-immune cells and make them have antigen presenting function. More clinically, IL-27 plays an important role in many infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and tumors, and is a potential target of related diseases.