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海洋是一个巨大的碳库,通过吸收大气中的二氧化碳减缓了全球变暖的局势。海洋同时也是蕴含丰富资源的宝库,过量二氧化碳的吸收,造成海水pH发生变化,海洋酸化对这个资源宝库的影响不容忽视。本文通过文献计量与统计分析的方法,从宏观角度研究了海洋酸化研究的整体发展现状和主要研究主题的分布,分析了未来的发展趋势,并结合现有问题给出了讨论及建议,以期为未来的海洋酸化研究提供一定的参考借鉴。研究结果表明,海洋酸化研究经历了探索、成型、快速增长与稳步增长4个时期。澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和英国是主要研究国家;美国国家海洋与大气管理局、美国伍兹霍尔海洋研究所、美国加州大学、澳大利亚昆士兰大学和詹姆斯库克大学是主要研究机构。海洋酸化过程与成因、敏感性生物与生命过程影响、生态系统影响与生态效应、珊瑚礁与藻类典型研究等内容则是该领域的主要研究主题。未来的海洋酸化研究应该拓展广度和深度,提升方法和技术,并注意制定综合研究计划,慎重定性与量化研究结果,考虑多方面差异耦合因子并加强基础研究与国际合作。
The oceans are a huge carbon reservoir that has mitigated the effects of global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. At the same time, the ocean is also a treasure house rich in resources. The excessive absorption of carbon dioxide causes the pH of seawater to change. The impact of ocean acidification on this treasure house of resources can not be ignored. This paper studies the overall development of ocean acidification research and the distribution of the main research topics from the macroscopic point of view, and analyzes the future development trends, combined with the existing problems to give a discussion and recommendations, with a view to Future ocean acidification research provide some reference. The results show that ocean acidification has undergone four stages of exploration, formation, rapid growth and steady growth. Australia, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom are major research countries; the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute of the United States, the University of California, the University of Queensland, Australia and James Cook University are major research institutes. Ocean acidification process and its causes, sensitive organisms and life processes, ecosystem impacts and ecological effects, coral reefs and algae typical studies are the main topics in this field. Future studies on ocean acidification should broaden the breadth and depth, upgrade methods and techniques, pay attention to formulating comprehensive research plans, carefully identify and quantify research results, consider various aspects of coupling factors and strengthen basic research and international cooperation.