强制对流换热是实际应用中最常用的热交换模式。用泵将冷、热流体打入热交换设备内,在热交换设备内用金属壁将冷、热流体分开。热交换率是流体的物理性能、冷热流体的流量及系统的物理几何条件的函数。很多热交换器都是在流体以紊流的方式、在单相强制流动的状况下运行的,从而取得良好的热性能。在紊流的情况下,流体和壁之间的热交换量是以涡流的形式传递的,在涡流区,平均流速横向分量远小于轴向流速,但它又差不 Forced convection heat transfer is the most commonly used heat exchange mode in practical applications. Pumps will be cold, hot fluid into the heat exchange equipment, heat exchange equipment within the metal wall will be cold, hot fluid separate. The heat exchange rate is a function of the physical properties of the fluid, the flow of hot and cold fluids, and the physical geometry of the system. Many heat exchangers operate with turbulent flow in a single-phase forced flow to achieve good thermal performance. In the case of turbulence, the amount of heat exchanged between the fluid and the wall is transmitted in the form of vortices where the average velocity component is much less than the axial velocity, but it is worse