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目的调查某市青少年人工流产现状,寻找影响人工流产的主要原因,探讨青少年人工流产后的护理对策。方法在浙江省某市选择3家不同等级且有资质行人工流产术的医院的13~24岁未婚怀孕青少年2 100例,对被调查者进行问卷调查,并对行人工流产手术者随机分为护理观察组及未护理对照组。结果有效问卷调查为2 019份,有效率为96.14%,有效调查对象的平均年龄(18.25±2.36)岁,首次性行为年龄<16岁的青少年占28.38%,未婚同居者占37.54%,多性伴侣者占30.96%。63.55%的青少年选择避孕。首次性行为年龄低、非在读青少年、未婚同居和多性伴侣是青少年人工流产的独立危险因素(OR值分别为:0.53、0.33、3.05、1.83)。行人工流产的护理观察组成员,其心理状态较好,术后下腹痛、炎性疾病和再次行人工流产比例显著降低,与未护理对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论首次性行为年龄较低、非在读青少年、未婚同居和多性伴等是青少年行人工流产手术的危险因素,加强护理能够有效降低术后相应并发症,并能降低再次人工流产的几率。
Objective To investigate the current situation of induced abortion among adolescents in a city and to find out the main reasons that affect induced abortion and to explore the nursing countermeasures after adolescent abortion. Methods Two hundred and thirteen unmarried pregnant adolescents aged from 13 to 24 were selected from 3 hospitals of different grades and qualifications of artificial abortion in a city of Zhejiang Province. Questionnaires were conducted on the respondents and randomized into Nursing observation group and non-nursing control group. Results The number of valid questionnaires was 2 019 with an effective rate of 96.14%. The average age of valid respondents was (18.25 ± 2.36) years. The number of adolescents with first sex at <16 years of age was 28.38%, that of unmarried cohabitants was 37.54% Companion accounted for 30.96%. 63.55% of adolescents choose contraception. The first-time sexual behavior was lower in adolescents, unmarried teenagers, unmarried cohabitation and polygamy were independent risk factors for adolescent abortion (ORs: 0.53, 0.33, 3.05, 1.83 respectively). In the abortion group, the nursing observation group had better psychological status, lower abdominal pain, inflammatory diseases and recurrent abortion. Compared with the un-nursing control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) . Conclusions First-time sexual behaviors are lower risk of adolescent abortion due to lower age, unmarried teenagers, unmarried cohabitation, and multiple sexual partners. Intensifying nursing can effectively reduce the postoperative complications and reduce the chance of recurrent miscarriage.