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用等温蒸发方法研究了 NaCl 饱和下的Na~+,K~+∥Cl~-,SO_4~2,CO_3~(2-)-H_2O 五元体系25℃介稳相图,测定了溶液的密度、粘度、折光率、电导率、pH 和蒸汽压,并由蒸汽压数据求得了水活度和渗透系数.在 Jnecke 相图上有五个结晶区,即 Na_2SO_4,Na_2CO_3·2Na_2SO_4,Na_2SO_4·3K_2SO_4,Na_2CO_3·7H_2O 和 KCl 相区.与 Harvie 和 Weare 计算相图比较,无水芒硝和七水碳酸钠结晶区明显扩大,碳钠矾相区明显缩小,钾石盐和钾芒硝相区基本相近.用经验或半经验公式描述了溶液的密度、折光率和粘度随浓度的变化规律.用 Pitzer 电解质溶液模型计算了水活度和析出盐的溶度积.结果是令人满意的.
The isothermal evaporation method was used to study the 25 ℃ stationary phase diagram of Na ~ +, K ~ + ∥Cl ~ -, SO_4 ~ 2 and CO_3 ~ (2 -) - H_2O five - Viscosity, Refractive Index, Conductivity, pH and Vapor Pressure were calculated and the water activity and permeability coefficient were obtained from the vapor pressure data. There are five crystalline regions on the Jnecke phase diagram, namely Na_2SO_4, Na_2CO_3 · 2Na_2SO_4, Na_2SO_4 · 3K_2SO_4 and Na_2CO_3 · 7H 2 O and KCl phase.Compared with Harvie and Weare phase diagrams, the crystalline areas of anhydrous thenardite and sodium carbonate heptahydrate expanded obviously, the area of arsenic and arsenite decreased significantly, and the phases of potassium and salt of glauberite were almost the same. Or semi-empirical formula describes the density, refractive index and viscosity of the solution with the concentration of the law of change.Using Pitzer electrolyte solution model to calculate the water activity and precipitation of salt solubility product.The results are satisfactory.