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随着中国崛起,世界主要大国将战略中心转移至亚洲并通过各种经济组织和经济联盟等经济途径重塑中国周边环境,由此导致中国周边地缘环境形势变得极其复杂。中国则通过共建“一带一路”、亚洲基础设施投资银行、金砖国家开发银行等经济途径化解。本文按照全球—区域—国家间的尺度,探讨了国际经济组织、经济联盟和国家间经济相互依赖等3种主要经济途径对地缘政治格局的影响机制及空间表现。结果表明:通过国家间经济依赖的不对称性改变各国权力大小,进而影响地缘格局中地缘体的权力分配,其空间表现主要为影响地区冲突和改变国家地缘空间影响范围。而国际经济组织和经济联盟则通过权力再平衡影响地缘政治格局,其空间表现主要为数量增长、交错分布和空间范围扩大。中国学者对如何通过经济途径增强地缘政治影响力、改善中国地缘环境的研究不够充分。中国作为崛起中的大国,应更为关注经济实力的增强对周边乃至世界地缘政治格局的影响。为此,应加强以下几个方面研究:1将经济相互依赖转化成为有效的地缘影响力;2利用国际经济组织和经济联盟拓展中国地缘政治空间;3“一带一路”空间走向及沿线国家;4多尺度经济途径影响效应分析;5运用定量模拟方法探求国家地缘影响力演变的影响因素以及驱动机制等,为中国的地缘战略提供理论支撑和研究实证。
With the rise of China, the major Powers in the world have shifted their strategic center to Asia and reshaped China’s surrounding environment through various economic channels such as economic organizations and economic alliances. As a result, the geopolitical environment around China has become extremely complicated. China has solved this economic problem by building “the Belt and Road”, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the BRICS Development Bank. Based on the global-regional-national scale, this paper explores the impact mechanism and spatial performance of the three major economic approaches to geopolitics: international economic organizations, economic alliances and inter-state economic interdependence. The results show that changing the power of each country through the asymmetry of economic dependence between countries will affect the geographical distribution of the power of the geo-objects. The spatial manifestations mainly affect the regional conflicts and change the impact of the country’s geographical space. International economic organizations and economic alliances, on the other hand, influence the geopolitical situation through the rebalancing of power. Their spatial performance is mainly in terms of quantity growth, staggered distribution and expansion of spatial scope. Chinese scholars have not done enough research on how to enhance geopolitical influence through economic means and improve China’s geopolitical environment. As a rising power in the world, China should pay more attention to the influence of the economic strength on the geopolitics surrounding and even the world. To this end, research should be strengthened in the following aspects: 1 Transforming economic interdependencies into effective geopolitical influences; 2 Expanding China’s geopolitical space through the use of international economic organizations and economic alliances; 3 Developing and developing countries along the “Belt and Road” ; 4 The impact analysis of multi-scale economic ways; 5 The use of quantitative simulation methods to explore the influencing factors and driving mechanism of the country’s geopolitical influence, providing theoretical support and research evidence for China’s geopolitical strategy.