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制度的产生并不根源于交易成本的存在,因为交易成本不能完全解释制度的产生。新制度的产生是由于社会分工和专业化的发展,不同经济主体的利益结构不断发生变化,不断产生新交易,新交易催生新制度,制度由此创新和变迁,交易成本也随之变化。制度的产生是交易本身的产物,即是在交易中协调不同经济主体之间利益冲突的机制和规则,而交易成本只不过是一个与制度同一层次的概念。
The emergence of the system is not rooted in the existence of transaction costs, because the transaction costs can not completely explain the system. The emergence of the new system is due to the development of social division of labor and specialization. The interest structure of different economic entities is constantly changing, and new and new transactions are constantly created. New systems and systems are thus innovated and changed, and transaction costs also change accordingly. The emergence of the system is the product of the transaction itself, that is, the mechanism and rules for coordinating the conflicts of interest between different economic subjects in the transaction, and the transaction cost is only a concept at the same level as the system.