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四、肥料氮在茶园中的损失 据各产茶国的研究,肥料氮在茶园中的损失十分严重,据日本的资料,达22—62％,苏联达20—46％,印度达30—50％,斯里兰卡达25—55％,东非达30—60％。 茶园氮肥损失的主要途径有两个方面,一是淋溶和渗漏损失;二是呈各种气体挥发损失。 过去都一直认为淋溶损失是茶园肥料氮损失的主要途径,但近年来用同位素~(15)N进行示踪之后却没有得到证实。相反,作为肥料氮本身淋失量并非很大。据等的渗漏试验,就是淋失量最大的硝酸铵来说,每年每公顷也只损失5—6公斤的氮,只占它施肥量的1—2％,硫酸铵和尿素淋失量更少,每年每公顷只有1公斤氮以下,不到其施肥量的1％。
Fourth, the loss of fertilizer nitrogen in the tea garden According to the study of the countries producing tea, fertilizer nitrogen in the tea plantation losses are very serious, according to Japanese data, up 22-62%, the Soviet Union up to 20-46%, India up to 30-50 %, Sri Lanka 25-55%, East Africa up to 30-60%. The main ways of tea plantation nitrogen loss are two aspects, one is leaching and leakage loss; the other is a variety of gas volatile loss. In the past, leaching loss has always been considered as the main way of nitrogen loss in tea plantation fertilizers. However, it has not been confirmed after tracing with isotope (15) N in recent years. On the contrary, the loss of fertilizer nitrogen itself is not large. According to the leak test, the largest amount of ammonium nitrate leached, only 5 to 6 kg of nitrogen is lost per hectare per year, accounting for only 1-2% of the amount of fertilizer applied. The leaching of ammonium sulfate and urea is even more Fewer, less than 1 kilogram of nitrogen per hectare per year, less than 1% of its amount of fertilizer.