目的 研究大鼠肝脏缺血性损伤后肝组织的病理学改变,以及柴胡煎剂的治疗作用。 方法 建立大鼠肝门完全阻断的模型,观察肝脏缺血性损伤后柴胡组和普食组在不同的时间阶段光镜和电镜下肝组织的病理学改变。 结果 电镜观察发现,术后1d各组肝窦内皮细胞孔隙加大,内皮破坏,内皮之间可见孔道,内皮细胞核内染色质浓聚,核膜仍完整;肝细胞肿胀,线粒体明显肿胀,基质变化,粗面内质网肿胀,脱颗粒,粗面内质网增多,细胞内糖原减少,细胞内溶酶体增多。细胞膜特化部分如桥粒、毛细胆管区微绒毛有轻微破坏。术后4d普食组肝窦内皮细胞孔隙大,内皮细胞核内染色质浓集于核膜;肝细胞肿胀,线粒体肿胀,基质密度变淡,内嵴结构模糊;粗面内质网排列不规则,脱颗粒,细胞膜破裂,肿胀变性的细胞器游离于胞外。柴胡组肝细胞轻度肿胀,核形态规则,出现吞饮小泡,肝细胞线粒体轻度肿胀,结构模糊,部分粗面内质网轻度扩张,糖原颗粒减少,可见溶酶体及脂滴,内皮膜欠光滑,基底部与肝细胞膜联系欠紧密。术后7d普食组肝细胞仍见轻度肿胀,线粒体轻度肿胀,结构模糊,基质变化,其内嵴变短,膜结构欠清楚;粗面内质网排列欠规则,糖原颗粒较少,可见少量溶酶体及脂滴。内膜欠完整,基底部与肝细胞联系欠紧密,柴胡组肝细胞未见肿胀,基本恢复到正常形态与结构,? Objective To study the pathological changes of hepatic tissue after hepatic ischemia in rats and the therapeutic effects of decoction of Bupleurum chinense. Methods To establish a rat model of hepatic occlusion completely. Observe the pathological changes of hepatic tissue under light and electron microscopy at different time periods after the hepatic ischemic injury. Results Electron microscopic observation revealed that the pores of sinusoidal endothelial cells in each group were enlarged on the 1st day after surgery, and the endothelium was destroyed. There were visible pores between the endothelium, chromatin in the endothelial nuclei, and the nuclear membrane remained intact. The hepatocytes were swollen and the mitochondria were obviously swollen. , Rough endoplasmic reticulum swelling, degranulation, rough endoplasmic reticulum increased, intracellular glycogen decreased, increased intracellular lysosomes. The special parts of the cell membrane such as the desmosomes and microvillus in the bile duct area were slightly damaged. After 4 days, the sinusoidal endothelial cells in the normal food group had large pores, and the nuclear chromatin of the endothelial cells was concentrated in the nuclear membrane; the hepatocytes were swollen, the mitochondria were swollen, the matrix density became light, and the internal malleolus structure was blurred; the rough endoplasmic reticulum was irregularly arranged. Degranulation, cell membrane rupture, swelling and degeneration of organelles outside the cell. In the Bupleurum group, the liver cells were slightly swollen, the karyotype was regular, and the vesicular vesicles appeared. The mitochondria of the hepatocytes were slightly swollen and the structure was blurred. Part of the rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded slightly, and the glycogen granules decreased. Visible lysosomes and lipids were observed. Drops, the endothelium membrane is less smooth, and the basal part is less closely related to the hepatocyte membrane. After 7 days, the liver cells of the normal food group still showed mild swelling, slight swelling of mitochondria, blurred structure, change of stroma, shortening of the internal malleolus, and unclear membrane structure; rough endoplasmic reticulum was irregularly arranged and glycogen particles were less A small amount of lysosomes and lipid droplets can be seen. The endometrium was incomplete, and the basal part was not closely related to the hepatocytes. The Bupleurum group showed no swelling of the hepatocytes and basically recovered to normal morphology and structure.