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目的：了解农村地区婴儿死亡原因及顺位。方法：通过现场调查对吉林省扶余县农村五个乡1989年1月～1992年6月间出生的活产婴儿6540人及该期间死亡婴儿188例死因及其构成进行回顾及前瞻研究。结果：婴儿死亡率为28．75％，婴儿死亡原因及顺位依次为出生窒息、肺炎、早产及低出生体重、先天异常和新生儿硬肿症。结论：影响当地婴儿死亡率的两个主要原因是出生窒息和肺炎。可见加强产前、产时及产后的监护，提高产科质量，加强肺炎的防治，是降低我国广大农村地区婴儿死亡率的关键性措施。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the causes and location of infant deaths in rural areas. Methods: A retrospective and prospective study was conducted on the causes of death and its composition in 6540 live births and 188 infants who died during the period from January 1989 to June 1992 in five rural townships of Fuyu County, Jilin Province. Results: The infant mortality rate was 28.75%. The causes of death and the order of infant death were birth asphyxia, pneumonia, premature birth and low birth weight, congenital anomalies and neonatal scleredema. Conclusion: Two of the main causes of infant mortality in the area are birth asphyxia and pneumonia. It can be seen that strengthening antenatal and postpartum guardianship, improving the quality of obstetrics and strengthening the prevention and treatment of pneumonia are the key measures to reduce the infant mortality in the vast rural areas of our country.