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三、蔬菜良种繁育技术在蔬菜良种繁育过程中,应努力通过各种技术措施,确保良种质量,不间断地进行提纯复壮;努力提高种子产量,加快繁育速度,满足生产需要,降低种子成本,做到种子和蔬菜双丰收,不断提高经营效果。(一) 保证良种质量。做为优良种子,必须纯度高、净度高、生命力强。所谓优良品种,系指品种本身的属性,如早熟、高产、质佳、抗病虫等。在良种繁育过程中,首先就要保持并不断提高良种的种性,同时保证净度和生命力。保持品种纯度的关键是防止机械混杂和生物学混杂。防止机械混杂,就要在种子繁订的全过程,特别是在育苗播种、移植定植、采种贮藏几个关键环节上,要严防混杂。发生混杂种子绝对不许用于繁殖种子。生物学混杂(即天然杂交)是造成品种不纯的主要原因。防止的办法:面积较小的良种繁育场繁育的品种应严格控制,不宜过杂过多,异花授粉的蔬菜,每类最好只繁育一个品种;面积较大、直径在1,000米以上的繁育场,繁殖品种可适当增加,但品种布局应认真设计,异花授粉的同类蔬
Third, vegetable breeding technology In the process of breeding of vegetables, should strive to adopt a variety of technical measures to ensure the quality of varieties, uninterrupted purification and rejuvenation; efforts to improve seed production, speed up breeding, to meet production needs and reduce the cost of seeds, do To double the harvest of seeds and vegetables, and continuously improve business results. (A) to ensure the quality of varieties. As a good seed, must be high purity, high purity, strong vitality. The so-called fine varieties, refers to the properties of the species itself, such as precocity, high yield, good quality, resistance to pest and so on. In breeding process, we must first maintain and continue to improve the variety of seeds, while ensuring the clarity and vitality. The key to maintaining product purity is to prevent mechanical confounding and biological confusion. To prevent mechanical hybrid, it is necessary to prevent the hybrid in the whole process of seed distribution, especially in the nursery seed sowing, transplant planting, seed storage several key links. Occurrence of hybrid seeds must not be used to breed seeds. Biology is mixed (that is, natural hybridization) is the main reason for breed impure. Prevention methods: small breeds breeding ground Breeding varieties should be strictly controlled, should not be too complicated, too pollinated vegetables, each class is best to breed only one species; large area, more than 1,000 meters in diameter breeding Field, breeding species may be appropriate to increase, but the layout should be carefully designed varieties, cross-pollination of similar vegetables