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现代汉语里有“S_1S_2是V”这样一种句式,比如“你这是怎么了?”“他们这是干什么?”等。这类句式在口语对话中经常出现,很有特色,但是关于这类句式的特点,尤其是语义、语用特点,现有的研究还不够。文章主要探讨“S_1S_2是V”句式的主观性及其形成机制。通过考察,文章发现:这种句式的使用,往往带有说话人的主观情感、态度(即主观性),比如责备、不满或赞叹义等。这种主观性主要源自充当S1的人称代词的互动性和充当S2的指示代词的立场性的表义特点。
In modern Chinese there is “S_1S_2 is V ” such a sentence, such as “What is wrong with you? ” “What are they doing?” And so on. This kind of sentence pattern often appears in the spoken dialogue, has the very characteristic, but regarding this kind of sentence characteristic, especially semantic, the pragmatic characteristic, the existing research is not enough. The article mainly discusses the subjectivity of “S_1S_2 is V” and its formation mechanism. Through the investigation, the article found that: the use of this sentence often carries the speaker’s subjective feelings and attitudes (ie subjectivity), such as reproof, dissatisfaction or admiration. This subjectivity mainly stems from the interactivity of the personal pronouns acting as S1 and the nominal meanings of the demonstrative pronouns acting as S2.