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道德与伦理既是理论问题,也是现实课题。中国传统思想、西方传统思想、马克思主义对道德与伦理问题都有持续性关注,而且贡献过各自智慧。这里编发的几篇文章,是就中国传统思想、西方传统思想、马克思主义各自关注的问题做分别的探讨。李承贵认为,德性丧失是人类生活中的客观自然现象;德性丧失大体可分为“隐匿性丧失”、“利欲性丧失”、“关系性丧失”、“制度性丧失”四大类型;德性丧失四种类型的划分,对于帮助人们全面、正确地认识“道德沦丧”问题、从而建构德性生活具有重要的现实意义。陈亚军认为,新实用主义者罗蒂、普特南对道德哲学备加关注,从道德生活经验出发,将道德的客观性建立在历史文化传统中形成的、被道德共同体所接受的合理性标准之上,认为道德进步不是由大写理性所驱动,而是或者由小写理性(普特南)或者由情感经验(罗蒂)所决定。姜迎春认为,在当代意识形态冲突中,从伦理学上批评马克思主义成了一种时髦、并形成了形形色色的理论体系。历史形而上学试图否定马克思主义的科学性,进而否定马克思主义和社会主义的道德合理性,其理论依据和基本方法是抽象人性论和缺乏历史辩证法的经验主义方法。
Morality and ethics are both theoretical and practical issues. Chinese traditional thinking, Western traditional thinking and Marxism have both sustained attention to moral and ethical issues and have contributed their own wisdom. Several articles compiled here make separate discussions on issues of concern to each of China’s traditional thinking, western traditional ideas and Marxism. Lee Seung-Gui believes that the loss of morality is an objective and natural phenomenon in human life. The loss of morality can be broadly divided into “occult loss”, “loss of libido”, “relationship loss”, “system of” Sexual loss “four types; the loss of virtue four types of division, to help people fully and correctly understand the” moral decline ", so as to build a virtuous life of great practical significance. Chen Yajun believes that the new pragmatists, Rorty and Putnam, pay close attention to moral philosophy. From the experience of moral life, they establish the moral objectivity in historical and cultural traditions and are accepted by the moral community as a reasonable standard , That moral progress is not motivated by uppercase rationality, but rather either by lower case rationality (Putnam) or by emotional experience (Rorty). Jiang Yingchun believes that criticism of Marxism in ethics has become fashionable and has formed various theoretical systems in the contemporary ideological conflicts. Historical metaphysics tries to deny the scientific nature of Marxism and then deny the moral rationality of Marxism and socialism. The theoretical basis and basic methods are the abstract human nature theory and the empirical method which lack historical dialectics.