一.免疫概念免疫是机体识别、中和、排除或消灭异物的一种能力。而自身免疫是机体直接作用于自身抗原产生的自身免疫应答。自身免疫性疾病是指对自己组织具有特异性抗体或免疫活性细胞作用的结果进而导致组织的损伤或机能障碍。Mackay和Burne从临床角度提出下列六点作为自身免疫疾病特征:(1)血清免疫球蛋白在1.5克/dl以上;(2)有自身抗体;(3)病变部位有免疫球蛋白存在;(4)病变部位有淋巴细胞和浆细胞的浸润;(5)用肾上腺皮质激素治疗有效;(6)在同一个体有其它的自身免疫性疾病共存。二.免疫与糖尿病糖尿病的病因目前多数人认为与多因素有关。有人提出糖尿病的发生是由于合成了免疫 I. Immunization Concept Immunization is an ability of the body to recognize, neutralize, eliminate or destroy foreign bodies. The autoimmune is the body’s direct effect on autoantigen-generated autoimmune response. An autoimmune disease is the result of the action of a specific antibody or immunocompetent cell on one’s own tissue which in turn leads to tissue damage or dysfunction. Mackay and Burne proposed the following six points from the clinical point of view as characteristics of autoimmune diseases: (1) serum immunoglobulin at 1.5 g / dl or more; (2) autoantibodies; (3) immunoglobulin in the lesion; (4) ) Lesions in lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration; (5) with adrenal cortex hormone therapy; (6) in the same individual with other autoimmune diseases coexist. Immune and Diabetes The etiology of diabetes is currently considered by most people with multiple factors. It was suggested that diabetes is due to the synthesis of the immune