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文章对碳钢车和不锈钢车两种不同地铁车型进行了耐撞性对比分析。首先建立了两节车发生对撞的耦合撞击模型,应用载荷传递路径方法,从碰撞力流在各部件的分配比例角度出发,对车辆底架模块发生的屈曲变形的诱因进行了深入分析和解释。研究成果表明,车辆边梁和枕梁位置处发生较大的屈曲变形,原因是底架作为车身主要的承载结构,在侧墙车门位置处碰撞力流进行了重新分配,碰撞力分流到牵引梁(比例占40%~60%)和边梁(比例占10%~20%)后,继续将碰撞力传递到集中承载位置处而发生了梁的屈曲失稳行为。地铁车辆发生碰撞时,其计算恢复系数一般可取为0.1。
The article compares the crashworthiness of two different subway cars, carbon steel car and stainless steel car. Firstly, the coupled impact model of two vehicles collided is established. Based on the method of load transfer path, the cause of buckling deformation of the vehicle chassis module is analyzed and explained in terms of the distribution ratio of the impact force in each component. . The research results show that the buckling deformation occurs at the position of the side beam and the bolster because the chassis acts as the main load-bearing structure of the vehicle body and the collision force is redistributed at the position of the side wall door. The collision force is diverted to the traction beam (40% -60%) and side girders (10% -20%), the buckling instability of the beam occurred due to the continuous transmission of the impact force to the centralized load bearing position. Subway vehicles in the event of a collision, the calculated recovery factor is generally desirable 0.1.