文章中探讨的普通语言学几个问题是:一是语言的起源问题,即自然论和约定论的纷争;表达内容与形式之间的关联,即有关之关和无关之关的关系。二是讨论了对约定俗称的理解及其与语言符号任意性之间的关系。“约定”与“俗成”还是有区别的,而语言符号的任意性与约定性之间也存在着辩证的关系。三是语言是如何完成交际目标以及何谓真正的“理解”。 Several problems of ordinary linguistics discussed in the article are: First, the origin of language, that is, the dispute between nature and convention; and the relationship between content and form, that is, the relationship between the relevant and non-related. Second, it discusses the understanding of conventions and their relationship with the arbitrariness of linguistic signs. “Convention ” and “vulgar” or there is a difference, but there is also a dialectical relationship between the arbitrary and the convention of the language symbol. The third is how language accomplishes communicative goals and what is real “understanding.”