脱乙酰基酶(LpxC)是催化革兰阴性菌外膜脂多糖主要成分类脂A的关键酶,其结构和序列与各种哺乳动物蛋白都不同源。此酶为有效的药物作用靶点,其缺失或过表达都会使某些革兰阴性致病菌死亡。本文综述LpxC的结构、酶学性质、催化机制及其抑制剂等研究进展。 Deacetylase (LpxC) is a key enzyme that catalyzes lipid A, the main component of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria. Its structure and sequence are different from those of various mammalian proteins. This enzyme is a valid drug target and its absence or overexpression results in the death of certain Gram-negative pathogens. This review summarizes the research progress of the structure, enzymatic properties, catalytic mechanism and inhibitors of LpxC.