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目的了解2014年内蒙古地区医院感染现状及特点、抗菌药物使用及病原体检出率,为制定有效的医院感染预防与控制措施、合理使用抗菌药物、降低医院感染率提供依据。方法各参加调查医院选择2014年4月1日-9月30日某一天作为调查日,对调查日当天的住院患者采取床旁调查与查阅住院病历相结合的方法进行医院感染现患率调查。结果共118所医院参加调查,共调查43 463例患者,医院感染871例,现患率为2.00%;医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,其次是泌尿道和上呼吸道;综合ICU医院感染率最高,其次为神经外科和血液病科;抗菌药物使用率为32.81%,其中一联用药占75.18%、二联用药占23.20%、≥三联用药占1.62%,治疗用药占58.25%、预防用药占32.72%、治疗+预防用药占9.02%,治疗性使用抗菌药物者中标本送检率为31.99%;医院感染病原体以大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌为主。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于发现医院感染管理过程中存在的问题,从而制定有针对性的医院感染预防与控制措施。
Objective To understand the current status and characteristics of nosocomial infections in Inner Mongolia in 2014, the use of antimicrobial agents and the detection rate of pathogens in order to provide an effective nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, rational use of antimicrobial agents and reduce the hospital infection rate. Methods Participate in the survey The hospital selected April 1, 2014 - September 30, 2014 as a survey day on the day of the survey on the day of hospitalization by bedside investigation and access to hospital medical records combined with the prevalence rate of hospital infection survey. Results A total of 118 hospitals participated in the survey. A total of 43 463 patients were investigated. Among them, 871 were hospital infections, the prevalence was 2.00%. The main respiratory tract was below the nosocomial site, followed by the urinary tract and upper respiratory tract. For the Department of Neurosurgery and Hematology; Antimicrobial use rate was 32.81%, of which 75.18% were combined with one drug, 23.20% with two combined drugs, 1.62% with triple combined drugs, 58.25% with therapeutic drugs, 32.72% with prophylactic drugs, The treatment and prophylaxis accounted for 9.02%. The rate of specimens used in the therapeutic use of antibiotics was 31.99%. The pathogen of hospital infection was Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion The survey of prevalence of nosocomial infection is helpful to find out the problems existing in the process of nosocomial infection management so as to make targeted nosocomial infection prevention and control measures.