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目的了解公众的狂犬病防治知识、态度和行为及其影响因素。方法自行设计调查问卷,由被访者采用匿名方式填写问卷,从而了解其一般情况、狂犬病知识、养犬的应对态度和行为、被犬伤后的态度和行为,对相关数据进行统计分析。结果回收有效问卷1 058份。被访者年龄最小18岁,最大77岁,平均年龄(35.51±12.19)岁。狂犬病知识知晓率为46.69%(494/1 058)。多因素Logistic分析显示,年龄小于30岁(OR=0.497,P<0.05)及30~39岁(OR=0.625,P<0.05)、文化程度初中及以下(OR=0.490,P<0.05)、职业以工人及商人(OR=0.483,P<0.05)及其他职业(OR=0.435,P<0.05)是影响知识知晓的因素。被访者的态度和行为回答正确率为41.78%(442/1 058),其中知识知晓者占52.02%(257/494),知识不知晓者占32.80%(185/564),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阳江市公众狂犬病知识知晓率低,年龄、文化程度、职业是影响知识知晓的因素,狂犬病知识是否知晓是影响态度和行为的因素。
Objective To understand the public knowledge, attitude and behavior of rabies and its influencing factors. Methods The questionnaire was designed by ourselves. The questionnaire was filled in by the respondents anonymously so as to understand the general situation, the knowledge of rabies, the attitude and behaviors of coping with dogs, the attitude and behavior after being injured by dogs, and the related data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 058 valid questionnaires were collected. The respondent was the youngest 18 years old, the largest was 77 years old, the average age was (35.51 ± 12.19) years old. Knowledge of rabies was 46.69% (494/1 058). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the average age of the students was less than 30 years old (OR = 0.497, P <0.05) and 30-39 years old (OR = 0.625, P <0.05) Workers and traders (OR = 0.483, P <0.05) and other occupations (OR = 0.435, P <0.05) were the factors affecting knowledge awareness. The respondents’ attitude and behavior correct answer rate was 41.78% (442/1 058), of which knowledge-based knowledge accounted for 52.02% (257/494), knowledge-unknown accounted for 32.80% (185/564), the difference between the two Statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The awareness rate of public rabies in Yangjiang City is low, and the age, education level and occupation are the factors that affect the knowledge and knowledge of rabies. Knowledge of rabies is the factors influencing attitude and behavior.