本文引进元认知理论,阐述自主学习实际是元认知监控的学习,是学习者根据自己的学习能力、学习任务的要求,积极主动地调整自己的学习策略和努力的过程。本文主要通过对少数民族中学生的元认知策略训练,说明元认知策略教学是提高学生自主学习能力和培养学生自主学习习惯的有效途径。 This article introduces the theory of metacognition, expounds the fact that autonomous learning is actually the learning of metacognitive monitoring, and it is the process that learners adjust their learning strategies and efforts proactively according to their learning ability and learning tasks. This article mainly through the metacognitive strategy training for ethnic minority middle school students, indicating that metacognitive strategy teaching is an effective way to improve students ’autonomous learning ability and cultivate students’ independent study habits.