一、前言七十年代初,苏联煤炭工业发展速度比较迟缓,露天采煤工艺和设备状况仍延续六十年代水平,工艺和设备综合制造能力落后于世界先进的露天采煤国。七十年代后期,苏共二十六大决定大力发展煤炭工业,并将今后经济建设的重点放在东部高寒地区煤田的开发上,以解决能源的急需。 I. Foreword In the early 1970s, the Soviet Union’s coal industry developed at a relatively slow pace. The conditions of open-air coal mining and equipment still continued their status in the 1960s. The comprehensive manufacturing capacity of processes and equipment lagged behind the world’s advanced open-air coal mining countries. In the late seventies, the 26th National Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union decided to vigorously develop the coal industry, and will focus its economic construction on the development of coalfields in the alpine regions of the east in order to solve the urgent need for energy.