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目的了解疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生情况,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况及疫苗安全性。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对盱眙县2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据进行分析。结果共报告AEFI 106例,发生率50.11/10万,其中以发热、红肿、硬结症状为主的一般异常反应99例,占93.40%,以过敏性皮疹为主的异常反应7例,占6.60%。24 h内报告率和48 h内调查率均为100%,个案报告卡完整率100%。病例主要集中在4-9月,共81例(76.42%),9月最多,30例(28.30%);≤1岁75例(70.75%);接种后≤1 d内发生105例(99.06%);男女性别比1.26∶1。共有14种生物制品发生AEFI,23价肺炎疫苗发生率最高,为352.11/10万;无细胞百白破发生数最多,为36例(33.96%)。结论盱眙县AEFI监测系统运转情况良好,目前使用的疫苗安全可靠。应进一步规范预防接种操作,严格掌握疫苗禁忌症,减少AEFI的发生。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of suspected AEFI and to evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and vaccine safety. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the surveillance data of suspected vaccination anomalies in Xuyi County in 2012. Results A total of 106 cases of AEFI were reported with a prevalence rate of 50.11 / 100 000. Among them, 99 were common abnormal reactions mainly characterized by fever, redness, and induration, accounting for 93.40%. Of the 7 cases, allergic rash was the most common abnormal reaction, accounting for 6.60% . The report rate within 24 h and the survey rate within 48 h were 100%, and the completeness rate of case report card was 100%. A total of 81 cases (76.42%) were found in September, the most in September, 30 cases (28.30%), 75 cases (70.75%) ≤1 years and 105 cases (99.06% ); Male to female ratio of 1.26: 1. AEFI occurred in 14 kinds of biological products. The highest incidence of 23-valent pneumonia vaccine was 352.11 / 100 thousand. There were 36 cases (33.96%) with the largest number of cell-free. Conclusion The Qionglai AEFI monitoring system is in good condition and the vaccines currently used are safe and reliable. Should further regulate vaccination operations, strict control of vaccine contraindications and reduce the occurrence of AEFI.