目的观察胸腺肽α1对神经系统的保护作用。方法 32例化疗中出现2～3级神经毒性的患者,继续用原方案化疗,同时加用胸腺肽α1,化疗前4d每天1.6mg,化疗后1.6mg隔日1次共2周。治疗期间每周进行神经系统毒性反应评价。结果 18例患者(56.3%)神经系统毒性下降1～2级,其中下降1级8人(25%),下降2级10人(31.3%)。结论胸腺肽α1可减轻化疗所致神经毒性作用。 Objective To observe the protective effects of thymosin α1 on the nervous system. Methods Thirty - two patients with grade 2 or 3 neurotoxicity were enrolled in the study. Patients were treated with the same regimen of chemotherapy, thymosin α1, 1.6 mg daily before chemotherapy and 1.6 mg every other day for 2 weeks after chemotherapy. Weekly nervous system toxicity was evaluated during treatment. Results The neurotoxicity of 18 patients (56.3%) decreased from 1 to 2, of which 8 were decreased in 1 grade (25%) and 10 (31%) were decreased in 2 grades. Conclusions Thymosin α1 can reduce the neurotoxic effect caused by chemotherapy.